The first battle of bull run was a hardfought battle that showed the north that the civil war would not be won quickly or easily. Brevet lieutenant general winfield scott the campaign for the. Returning to the army of the potomac in the spring of 1864, he took part in lieutenant general ulysses s. Jan 17, 2018 todd arrington site manager at james a. The goal was to defeat the rebellion by blockading southern ports and controlling the mississippi river. Winfield scott american battlefield trust civil war trust. However, like many other great civil war leaders, the publics high regard disintegrated after the war. The old frontier military post of fort scott had been abandoned for over eight years and a town of the same name had grown in its place. He spent his time organizing his troops and planning for a campaign in the shenandoah valley, but the action he sought never came. Winfield scott was a hero of the mexican war 18461848, the last whig party candidate for u. Widely recognized as one of the wars most brilliant.
I give it as my fixed opinion, that but for our graduated cadets, the war between the united states and mexico might, and probably would have lasted some four or five years, with, in its first half, more defeats than victories falling to our share. The american civil war began in 1861 and lasted until 1865, when the confederacys general robert e. The most violent battle of the american civil war and is frequently cited as the war s turning point, fought from july 1 july 3, 1863. Civil war generals numbered in the hundreds during the war. General winfield scott 1870s steel engraving civil war h. Proposed by union generalinchief winfield scott, the plan emphasized a union blockade of the southern ports and called for an advance down the mississippi river to cut the south in two. Sheridan departed winchester in late february 1864, hancock was given command. Winfield scott hancock impressed his superiors and his soldiers alike. Winfield scott, american army officer who held the rank of general in three wars and was the unsuccessful whig candidate for president in 1852.
American civil war robert kingston scott july 8, 1826 august 12, 1900 was an american republican politician, the 74th governor of south carolina, and an officer in the union army during the american civil war. Hancock was the final federal commander to rule over winchester during the civil war. Winfield scott served a s commanding general at the start of the war. Civil war generals civil war generals abraham lincolnpresident and commander in chief. Lee surrendered to union lieutenant general ulysses s. The anaconda plan was the popular name given to a strategy employed by the union during the american civil war. In december 1862, they were in the vicinity of fredericksburg, va. When the civil war broke out in 1861, scott was 75 years old and still commander in chief of the u. It was filled with soldiers who suffered from disease or who sustained wounds in battles and skirmishes in eastern kansas and. Jun 23, 2012 hancock was the final federal commander to rule over winchester during the civil war. Winfield scott 1786 1866 winfield scott june, 1786 may 29, 1866 was a united states lieutenant general, diplomat, and presidential candidatean army officer who held the rank of general in three wars, the unsuccessful whig candidate for president in 1852, and the foremost american military figure between the revolution and the civil war.
Civil war general winfield scott cdv photograph this is a cdv photograph of civil war general winfield scott backmarked as shown. This was the beginning of the end of the army of tennessee. Scott was the whig partys presidential nominee in the 1852 presidential. As a strategy for winning the civil war, union general winfield scott wanted to. The most violent battle of the american civil war and is frequently cited as the wars turning point, fought from july 1 july 3, 1863. Covering a wide range of eventsfrom the famous 1804 duel between aaron burr and alexander hamilton through the end of the civil warscotts extraordinary account reveals the general as a sometimes.
Garfield national historic site talks about the life and accomplishments of general winfield scott hancock, including. Port hudson confederate fort on the mississippi river that was the site of the longest siege of the civil war. Scott came up with the plan in early 1861, intending it as a way to end the rebellion predominantly through economic measures. Widely recognized as one of the war s most brilliant commanders, hancock served at the battles of williamsburg, antietam and chancellorsville before assuming command of the army. General winfield scott and the mexicanamerican war 1846. Grant s overland campaign seeing action at wilderness, spotsylvania, and cold harbor. Army officer and politician who served as a union general during the civil war 186165. They were only valid for as long as the war lasted.
During the early days of the american civil war, appointments of union generals were as much about politics as skill and experience. After the battle of williamsburg, general george b. With zachary taylors troops stuck in northern mexico, general winfield scott proposed a bold plan, an amphibious attack on the coastal mexican town of vera cruz. The plan was developed by general winfield scott at the. It consisted of a largescale blockade of ports in the south, combined with a federal attack along the mississippi river, aimed at splitting the confederacy. Fort scotts hospital was designated as a general hospital, an army classification given to the larger medical facilities.
The anaconda plan was the initial civil war strategy devised by general winfield scott of the u. The anaconda plan was the brainchild of union general winfield scott. Not long after the armed conflict began, he left that position and became part of west points. General winfield scott poses in full military regalia in mathew bradys photographic studio in washington, d. The union blockade was part of a larger strategy called the anaconda plan. An alternate version of this database can be found at familysearch here.
Though he largely recovered over the winter, the wound plagued him for the remainder of the conflict. He wanted to keep foreign countries from shipping supplies to the confederates. At vicksburg, mississippi and during general william tecumseh shermans march through. Army to put down the rebellion by the confederacy in. These they intended to send to england to be tried for treason. He was the foremost american military figure between the revolution and the civil war. General winfield scott poses in full military regalia in mathew bradys photographic studio in washington. After eight years outside the military, he returned as a general, puffed up with a sense of his own potential. What was general scotts plan for the civil war answers.
Details about general winfield scott 1870s steel engraving civil war h. Civil war generals some are great, some are bad civil. Joseph hooker was a general in the union army during the american civil war and although successful in a number of battles, he is perhaps best known for his loss to confederate general lee at the battle of chancellorsville from april 30 to may 6, 1863. United states civil war soldiers index ancestrys civil war collection requires payment includes. Joseph hooker general hooker commanded at several major civil war battles including the battle of antietam and the battle of fredericksburg. General winfield scott was the general in chief of the unions military as the us civil war unfolded.
He met soldiers from massachusetts, including a quartermaster sergeant named loring w. Commanding general of the united states army, brevet lieutenant general. The goal was to remove the confederacys ability to wage war. Lincoln was to secure the nations capital for the incoming administration and the safety of president lincolns inauguration. The order of commanding generals of the union army during. Jun 28, 2015 extensive new annotations update scotts outdated notes and provide valuable illumination and context. Ancestrys civil war collection requires payment includes. Mcclellan wrote to his wife, hancock was superb today. The case of fighting joe hooker is a prime example.
In this role, he led american forces in mexico during the mexicanamerican war, earning him even more national recognition and prestige. Winfield scott hancock february 14, 1824 february 9, 1886 was a united states army officer and the democratic nominee for president of the united states in 1880. The plan called for a naval blockade of the confederate littoral, a thrust down the mississippi, and the strangulation of the south by union land and naval forces. General winfield scott, commander in chief of the united states army. The subsequent battle of nashville effectively ended the army of tennessee as a fighting force. After the war, he married and engaged in agricultural. General scott retired at the end of 1861 and his subordinate general george mcclellan took over command of the union army. Scott used his extensive experience with similar operations on the canadian frontier during. Learn vocabulary, terms, and more with flashcards, games, and other study tools. He quickly rose through the ranks to become a captain. Many officers were promoted to higher ranks during the war, which included promotions to the rank of general. After eight years outside the military, he returned as a general. Riding an unprecedented wave of popularity, scott won the whig party presidential nomination in 1852, but lost in the general election to democrat franklin pierce.
General winfield scott voices of the civil war johnson, timothy d. He served with distinction in the army for four decades, including service in the mexican american war and as a union general in the american civil war. In april of 1861, war between the union and confederacy was officially declared. Army to put down the rebellion by the confederacy in 1861. Scott, who was below, hearing a commotion on deck, and informed of the cause, coming up, entered a vehement protest against the proceedings. General scott felt that the war could take a long time and that the best supplied armies would win. The plan was suggested by winfield scott, general inchief of the. Winfield scott hancock general winfield scott hancock union. A list of civil war union generals in order includes winfield scott, george mcclellan, henry halleck and ulysses s. Mcnamara is a history expert and former magazine journalist. What battle in the civil war was winfield scott involved in. The plan was suggested by winfield scott, generalinchief of the. The anaconda plan is the name applied to a union army outline strategy for suppressing the confederacy at the beginning of the american civil war.
Union generals of the civil war, best known union generals. The union went into the civil war with the idea that it would be easy to defeat the south. Apr 12, 2012 the moment arrived during the second spring of the civil war, when union troops encamped near the plantation on which he toiled. These issues are full of incredible civil war content, including stunning wood cut images and stories written by eyewitnesses to the historic events of the war. It was his anaconda plan which served as the grand strategy to defeat the confederacy. You are covered by the ebay money back guarantee if you receive an item that is not as described in the listing. This battle resulted in the deaths of six confederate generals, seven wounded generals, including gen.
A book that takes a look at the civil war using maps is the civil war. Orphaned in his teens, scott enlisted in the virginia regiment in october 1755 and served as a scout and escort during the french and indian war. Scott was commissioned a captain of artillery in 1808 and fought on. Charles scott april 1739 october 22, 18 was an 18thcentury american soldier who was elected the fourth governor of kentucky in 1808.
Scott, now 14, stole away to their camp on or about april 12, 1862. He served with distinction in the army for four decades, including service in the mexicanamerican war and as a union general in the american civil war. What battle in the civil war was winfield scott involved. Scott ran unsuccessfully for president, as a whig, in 1852. He served as a general in the united states army from 1814 to 1861, taking part in the war of 1812, the mexicanamerican war, the early stages of the american civil war, and various conflicts with native americans. The order of commanding generals of the union army during the. Hancocks civil war generalship earned him the affection of his troops and the countrys citizenry and the respect of his fellow officers, all of which were sustained and flourished during his post war career as a reconstruction military administrator, a great plains indian overseer, commander of the military division. This is where he earned his nickname superb when he led a counter attack in williamsburg during the peninsula campaign.
It is awarded to the most distinguished members of the regiment who have contributed to the career field and function of civil affairs in support of national defense, and should be recognized as a lifetime achievement award. He was s firstever history editor and has bylines in new york, the chicago tribune, and other national outlets. On the heels of the turbulent bleeding kansas era which swept this region in the late 1850s lingered the shadow of civil war. This would cut off and isolate the south from the outside world. He didnt hold this position very long as he soon suffered a heavy defeat at the battle of chancellorsville. Winfield scott june, 1786 may 29, 1866 was an american military commander and political candidate. Scott would eventually see more of the war at muzzeys side than many white soldiers. Fighting joe hooker worked hard to become a general in the. The anaconda plan was the unions strategic plan to defeat the confederacy at the start of the american civil war. Still, scotts ideas about battle would help the union win the civil war. Winfield scott was a hero of the mexican war 18461848, the last whig. Hancocks civil war generalship earned him the affection of his troops and the countrys citizenry and the respect of his fellow officers, all of which were sustained and flourished during his postwar career as a reconstruction military administrator, a great plains indian overseer, commander of the. Fort scott in the civil war fort scott national historic.
Winfield scott hancock in the civil war hancock started with quartermaster duties in the union army but was soon promoted to the rank of brigadier general in 1861. The civil war soldiers and sailors system indexes about 6. General winfield scott and abraham lincoln the civil war. Army in 1841, scott unsuccessfully ran for president as the whig party nominee in 1852. The general winfield scott gold medallion is the most prestigious and of the highest order of the three awards. This site features online, readable versions of the harpers weekly newspaper published during the civil war. He served as a general in the united states army from 1814 to 1861, taking part in the war of 1812, the mexicanamerican war, the early stages of the american civil war. Listing and template services provided by inkfrog 293486519928. Winfield scott american experience official site pbs. Jun 03, 2015 join historian gary gallagher as he describes the great, yet often overlooked, general winfield scott and the impacts his strategies ultimately had upon the american civil war.
Civil war generals, union generals and confederate generals. Thomas moore scott, csa brigadier general, 18611865. Active in both the western and eastern theaters of operations, hooker was known for his acerbic and polarizing personality. Anaconda plan how it helped the union win the civil war. After fredericksburg he was put in command of the entire army of the potomac. Though the original glass negative has been cracked and some pieces from it are missing, the image, dated circa 18601865, captures scotts civil warera appearance. Anaconda plan the scotts great snake plan to block the south. Anaconda plan the scotts great snake plan to block the.
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